Nature’s chemical factories
The active components of the cannabis plant, including cannabinoids, terpenes and flavonoids, are mainly found in its trichomes. Trichomes occur on almost all plants, but in cannabis they play a unique and essential role. These tiny, crystal-like structures are what give high-quality cannabis its frosty appearance and its potency.
The word trichome comes from the Greek thrix or trichos, meaning “hair.” That name fits well, because under a microscope, trichomes look like tiny mushrooms with a stalk and a bulbous tip. Despite their size, each trichome is a miniature chemical factory, producing a rich spectrum of active compounds.
On cannabis plants, the most important are glandular trichomes. These are responsible for creating
- Cannabinoids such as THC and CBD
- Terpenes that give cannabis its distinct scent
- Flavonoids which may contribute to color, taste and antioxidant effects
Trichomes also serve an important protective function for the plant. Depending on the environment and genetics, they help defend against
- Insects
- Fungi and bacteria
- UV radiation
- Extreme weather conditions
Because trichomes are so rich in active ingredients, careful handling is essential during harvesting. Too much contact or friction can damage them, reducing the quality and effectiveness of the final product.
Trichomes are proof that the true power of the cannabis plant lies in the smallest of details. These microscopic structures are nature’s way of concentrating everything that makes cannabis valuable and unique.
